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名词的格不可数名词量的表示定语名词的复数

2023-05-29 发布于 神池百事通
名词的格不可数名词量的表示定语名词的复数
不可数名词量的表示
1)物质名词
a.  当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。
比较:Cake is a kind of food. 蛋糕是一种食物。(不可数)
These cakes are sweet. 这些蛋糕很好吃。(可数)
b.  当物质名词表示该物质的种类时,可数。例如:
This factory produces steel. (不可数)
We need various steels. (可数)
c.  当物质名词表示份数时,可数。例如:
Our country is famous for tea. 我国因茶叶而闻名。
Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。
2)抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数。例如:
four freedoms 四大自由     the four modernizations四个现代化
物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量。
如a glass of water 一杯水/ a piece of advice 一则建议。
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定语名词的复数
名词作定语一般用单数,但也有以下例外。
1)  用复数作定语。例如:
sports meeting   students reading-room 
talks table 谈判桌  the foreign languages department 外语系
2) man, woman, gentleman等作定语时,其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。例
men workers  women teachers  gentlemen officials 
3)有些原有s结尾的名词,作定语时,s保留。例如:
goods train (货车) arms produce 武器生产
customs papers 海关文件      clothes brush  衣刷
4)数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如:
two-dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋  a ten-mile walk 十英里路
two-hundred trees 两百棵树  a five-year plan. 一个五年计划

名词的格
1)单数名词词尾加"'s",复数名词词尾没有s,也要加"'s",如the boy's bag 男孩的书包,men's room 男厕所。
2)若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加" ' ",如:the workers' struggle 工人的斗争。
3)凡不能加"'s"的名词,都可以用"名词 of  名词"的结构来表示所有关系,如:the title of the song 歌的名字。
4)在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词,如:the barber's 理发店。
5)如果两个名词并列,并且分别有's,则表示"分别有";只有一个's,则表示'共有'。
John's and Mary's rooms(两间)  John and Mary's room(一间)
6)复合名词或短语,'s 加在最后一个词的词尾。例如:a month or two's absence

This Way to Dreamland
Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy.   71They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.
But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history.   72Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?
So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?
First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.   73And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.
It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concerntrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.74
Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.   75
Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.
A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.
B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.
C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.
D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.
E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.
F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.
G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.
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